Stem cells form the most basic and essential component of the human body. They are capable of differentiating and maturing to other kinds of cell having special functions. Their distinguished characteristic is the fact that they are self-generating, meaning they split to generate additional stem cells. While in their infancy, they could grow to form a different variety of cells. They are able to replenish other cells, and thus act as an automatic repairing system for the human body. This capability makes them ideally suited for treating many diseases, and such a treatment is known as cell therapy.
The transplantation of adult stem cells is among the most frequently practiced kind of stem cell therapy that is employed for treating various kinds of blood disorder and cancers, including lymphoma, leukemia plus multiple myeloma.
When you want to use bone marrow, you need to be harvest it from the bones of the matching donor. The bone marrow of the beneficiary is removed through application of chemotherapy only or in conjunction with radiation. Subsequently, the bone marrow of the donor along with the healthy cells are relocated to beneficiary's system. The cells that were relocated start the process of self generation to create healthy cells that go to replace unusual cells. A similar process is followed for carrying a peripheral blood stem cell transplant, except that in this case, the donor's cells aren't taken out from the bones, but harvested from stem cells flowing in the bloodstream.
Umbilical cord blood stem cell transplant is also a kind of therapy. The working of this kind of transplant is very similar to the first two types of transplants mentioned above, but there is a difference in the fact that the cells of the donor are derived from the otherwise worthless blood of the umbilical cord of a newly born baby. The chances of a patient's body rejecting these cells are very low, compared to the cells harvested by other means, as mentioned above. The most likely explanation for this is the fact that the cells so derived are very young and not matured enough to have features that the receiver's body could identify as totally foreign.
The cells available in the blood of the umbilical cord have opened many opportunities for further research on the subject. Researchers are already exploring the possibility of using these cells for the treatment of various diseases, such as cardiac and neurological disorders. For this reason, many parents are beginning to preserve the blood from the umbilical cord of their newborn baby. There are special blood banks available for this propose.
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